大规模海上风电柔性直流输电技术应用现状和展望

海上风电具有风力资源稳定性强、年利用小时数高等特点，随着海上风电机组大型化、投资规模扩大以及建设成本下降，基于柔性直流输电技术的大规模海上风电送出已成为海上风电发展和研究的热点方向。结合国内外典型海上风电柔性直流输电工程，对换流阀、联接变压器、耗能装置、高压直流断路器、海底直流电缆关键电气设备应用现状等进行分析和总结，介绍控制系统构、硬件组成和控制算法研究现状。考虑到海上平台所处的盐雾腐蚀环境，介绍了联接变压器、换流阀的防腐设计和海水冷却系统设计。分析、总结了大规模海上风电的并网技术方案的研究现状，对海上换流站、海上风电场的发展趋势进行展望。

Application Status and Prospect of VSC-HVDC Technology for Large-Scale Offshore Wind Farms

Due to the strong wind resource stability and high annual utilization hours of offshore wind power, with the increasing capacities of offshore wind turbines, the expansion of investment scale and the reduction of construction costs, VSC-HVDC based large-scale offshore wind power transmission technology has become a popular topic for offshore wind power development and research. Based on typical offshore wind power VSC-HVDC transmission projects, application status of key electrical equipment including converter valves, interface transformers, energy-dissipating devices, HVDC breaker, submarine DC cables have been analyzed and summarized in this paper. In addition, control system structure and hardware configuration as well as control algorithm are introduced. Considering the salt mist corrosion environment where offshore platforms are located, both the anticorrosion design and seawater cooling system design of the interface transformers, converter valves are introduced. The current research status of large-scale offshore wind power grid integration solutions have also been analyzed and summarized. The prospect of offshore converter stations and offshore wind farms has been forecasted.