微流控制备金属/共价有机框架功能材料研究进展

近年来,金属有机框架(MOFs)和共价有机框架(COFs)等多孔材料因其结构单元的多样性和可设计性,不仅可以构筑具有多样化拓扑类型和化学物理性质的骨架结构,还可以精准调节结构中孔道的形状、大小和孔径分布,在气体吸附与分离、催化和化学传感等方面展现出广泛的应用价值。然而传统间歇式合成方法中相际间缓慢的微观传递过程,不利于材料的连续均一制备。近年来,微流控技术连续操作、精准可控、传递效率高和高度可重复性等特点在纳米材料制备领域体现了独有的优势。本文综述了近年来利用微流控技术制备MOF和COF材料的研究成果,重点介绍微流控强化合成过程,实现快速制备MOF和COF功能材料,以及通过微流体精准调控多孔材料微结构的研究工作。

Progress of microfluidic synthesis of metal/covalent organic frameworks

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) represent exciting porous materials, which are ingeniously constructed with diverse building blocks via coordination or covalent bonds. The bottom-up synthetic method enables to construct the desired microstructures by designing or selecting suitable building blocks. The well-defined crystalline porous structures and easy functionalized skeleton have offered MOFs and COFs superior potential application in gas storage, separation, catalysis and chemical sensing, etc. However, the conventional synthesis method of MOFs and COFs are generally conducted with autoclave or reflux in batch condition, which always results in long reaction time, inconvenient control of microstructures, inhomogeneous products and tedious operation. In recent years, the characteristics of continuous operation, precise controllability, high transfer efficiency and high repeatability of microfluidic technology have demonstrated unprecedented advantages in the field of nanomaterial preparation. This review summarized the progress of microfluidic synthesis of MOFs and COFs. The process intensification of MOFs and COFs synthesis by utilizing microfluidic technology has been reviewed. Moreover, the microstructure modification by microfluidic technology is also emphasized.