风洞模型主动抑振器的设计与实验

研究了风洞模型主动振动的抑制原理,并结合叠堆式压电陶瓷作动器的压电效应设计了一套并联式主动抑振器。首先,针对模型支杆系统及其动力学特征,分析了支杆抑振原理,提出了一种基于叠堆式压电陶瓷作动器的风洞模型抑振器。然后,构建了抑振器实时控制系统,针对其驱动位移滞后的特点,研究了基于PD调节器的控制方法。最后,搭建了地面实验平台,利用锤击法和激振法对抑振器进行了地面实验。实验结果表明:抑振器具有提高支杆系统阻尼的能力,对风洞模型在俯仰和偏航两个方向上的抑振效果明显,特别是俯仰方向上,抑制器工作后系统阻尼比可由0.009提高到0.092,抑振后剩余振幅比例约为25%。试验结果验证了该风洞模型主动抑振器的可行性与有效性。

Design and experiment on active damper of wind-tunnel model

The active damping concept of a wind-tunnel model was researched and a parallel type active damper was designed based on the piezoelectric effect of a stacked piezoelectric ceramic actuator. According to sting support system and its aerodynamic characters, the sting damping principle was analyzed and the active anti-vibration structure with piezoelectric ceramic stack actuators was proposed based on the anti-vibration principle. Then, a real-time control system was equipped for the anti-vibration structure. Aiming at the characteristics of displacement hysteresis, a control program based on a PD regulator was proposed. Finally, a ground experiment platform was built and the hammering method and vibration method were utilized to do experiment for the active damper.The experimental results show that the active sting damper improves the damping ratio of the sting and shows higher damping vibration abilities on both pitch and yaw directions, especially on the pitch direction. When the damper is involved the system, the damping ratio of the system increases from 0.009 to 0.092 and the remained vibration amplitude is about 25%. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the sleeve-type active damper.