天津滞缓流型城市河网水质时空分布特征

针对天津城市河网滞缓流特点突出、水质变化与天然河流不同的特征,以海河、津河、卫津河、外环河4条重点河道为研究对象,应用聚类分析、因子分析、多元线性回归分析等多元统计分析方法对11个重点河道断面2008年和2009年39周的水质监测指标进行了分析。结果表明:河道断面水质在时间和空间上具有一定的分布特征,时间上,各断面5—8月水质较其他时间更差,氨氮、总磷超标严重;空间上,呈现出从海河到津河、卫津河再到外环河水质逐步下降的特征;海河、津河、卫津河等河道氮磷类汇入是主要污染源,外环河则以有机物污染汇入为主要污染源。

Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of water quality of stagnant river network in Tianjin City, China

The urban river network in Tianjin City has stagnant or slow-flow water, which leads to water quality variations different from natural rivers. Multivariate statistical analysis methods, including the cluster analysis method, factor analysis method, and multiple linear regression method, were used to evaluate the water quality data from 11 sites in four main rivers of Tianjin, the Haihe River, Jinhe River, Weijin River, and Waihuai River, for 39 weeks during the period from 2008 to 2009. The results show that the water quality variation exhibited specific temporal and spatial characteristics. Water quality data from May to August were worse than during other months, especially for the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorous concentrations, which severely exceeded the water quality standards. Water quality deteriorated from the Haihe River to Jinhe River, Weijin River, and, finally, Waihuan River gradually. Nitrogen and phosphorous pollutants were the main pollution sources of the Haihe River, Jinhe River, and Weijin River, while organic pollutants were the main pollution sources of the Waihuan River.