罐底油泥冷固结并还原铁矾渣的可行性研究

罐底油泥富含饱和烃、芳香烃、沥青和胶质等多种有机组分，其中的沥青质、胶质等具有较强的粘性，为探究其冷固结铁矾渣制备球团的可能性，及其对铁矾渣中铅、锌、铁的还原与回收效果，进行了系统的工艺条件研究，并通过XRD和SEM-EDS分析了还原机理。结果表明，Fe、Zn、Pb含量分别为26.76%、6.95%和3.01%的铁矾渣，在燕山石化公司的罐底油泥、CaO、汉中锌业有限责任公司的铁矾渣质量比为40∶30∶100、成球压力为10 MPa条件下，可获得抗压强度、落下强度分别为253.33 N、7次的罐底油泥-铁矾渣生球团，经过100 ℃干燥30 min的冷固结球团的抗压强度、落下强度分别为301.67 N、8.67次；冷固结球团在1 250 ℃下直接还原90 min，铅、锌的挥发率分别达81.10 %、99.56 %，并获得铁金属化率为82.86%的焙砂；焙砂经过磨矿（74 μm占66.52%）-中磁选（477.71 kA/m）-再磨（-38 μm占90.80%）-弱磁粗选（207.01 kA/m）-弱磁精选（16.56 kA/m），获得铁品位为90.34%、回收率为14.82%的金属铁粉和铁品位为65.20%、回收率为55.54%的铁精矿，铁总回收率为70.35%。可见，罐底油泥可用作为铁矾渣冷固结球团的粘结剂和还原剂使用。

Feasibility of the Cold Bond and Reduction of Ferrovanadium Residues Using Oily Sludge of Tank Bottom as Raw Materials

The oily sludge of tank bottom is enriched with saturated hydrocarbon， aromatic hydrocarbon， asphalt， colloid and many other organic component， among which the asphaltene and colloid have strong stickiness. In order to explore the feasibility of the cold bonded ferrovanadium residues to prepare the pellets and its reduction and recovery effect to the Pb， Zn， Fe from ferrovanadium residues，the systematic process conditions tests were conducted in details and the reduction mechanism was analyzed by XRD and SEM-EDS techniques. The results showed that the contents of Fe， Zn and Pb are 26.76%， 6.95% and 3.01% in ferrovanadium residues respectively. When the mass ratio of oily sludge from Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Company/CaO/ferrovanadium residues from Hanzhong Zinc Industry Co.， Ltd. was 40∶30∶100，the pellets-formed pressure was 10 MPa，the compressive strength and drop strength of the raw pellets prepared by oily sludge-ferrovanadium residues were 253.33 N and 7 times respectively. The compressive strength and drop strength of the cold bonded pellets were 301.67 N and 8.67 times respectively when the raw pellets was dried at 100 ℃ for 30 min. The roasted products with the evaporation rate of lead 81.10% and zinc 99.56%， and iron metallization rate of 82.86% were obtained from the cold bonded pellets at 1 250 ℃ for 90 min. Metallic iron powder with iron grade of 90.34% and recovery of 14.82%，and iron concentrate with iron grade of 65.20% and recovery of 55.54% ， irontotal recovery of 70.35%were obtained through grinding（-74 μm 66.52%）- middle magnetic separation （at 477.71 kA/m）- regrinding （-38 μm 90.80%）- low magnetic separation （roughing at 207.01kA/m and cleaning at 16.56 kA/m）. Therefore， the oily sludge of tank bottom is proven to be used as a binder and reductant for ferrovanadium residues preparing cold bond pellets.