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Oblivious transfer and quantum channels as communication resources |
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| Authors: | Nicolas Gisin Sandu Popescu Valerio Scarani Stefan Wolf Jürg Wullschleger |
| Affiliation: | 1. Group of Applied Physics, University of Geneva, 10, rue de l’école-de-Médecine, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland 2. H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK 3. Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, S13, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117542, Singapore 4. Faculty of Informatics, University of Lugano, 6900, Lugano, Switzerland 5. Department of Mathematics, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TW, UK |
| Abstract: | We show that from a communication-complexity perspective, the primitive called oblivious transfer—which was introduced in a cryptographic context—can be seen as the classical analogue to a quantum channel in the same sense as non-local boxes are of maximally entangled qubits. More explicitly, one realization of non-cryptographic oblivious transfer allows for the perfect simulation of sending one qubit and measuring it in an orthogonal basis. On the other hand, a qubit channel allows for realizing non-cryptographic oblivious transfer with probability roughly 85 %, whereas 75 % is the classical limit. |
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