多轴微细铣削机床的精度设计方法研究

高精度机床是实现微细加工的基础，目前对其设计主要还是依赖于经验或直观地根据加工精度要求来选取各个运动轴的精度，不能满足多轴微细铣削机床设计的需要. 以精度分析与精度分配为主要内容的精度设计方法，针对一种新型桌面五轴联动微细铣削机床，构建主要包括各运动轴定位精度的运动误差模型，求解各运动轴精度对末端精度的影响分布趋势，完成精度分析. 基于末端运动精度要求和关键设计参数，合理设置直线轴与旋转轴的精度要求，在工作空间内分别对B轴和C轴依次进行精度求解，实现各运动轴的运动精度优化与分配， 指导设计时科学地对各运动轴零部件进行选型.此设计方法对于多轴联动的中大型机床设计也具有一定的推广价值．

Accuracy design method of multi-axis micro milling machines

High precision machine tools are the fundamentals of micro machining. At present， in the design process of high precision machine tools， the accuracy of each axis is selected mainly based on designers'experience or intuitively from the accuracy requirements. It cannot satisfy the design requirements for multi-axis micro milling machine tools. Based on the accuracy design method comprising of accuracy analysis and accuracy allocation， kinematics errors including single-axis positioning accuracy was modelled aiming at a novel tabletop simultaneous 5-axis micro milling machine tool. The tendency and distribution of the effect of single-axis motion accuracy on the final motion accuracy were solved to accomplish the accuracy analysis. According to the final motion accuracy requirements and key design parameters， accuracy requests for linear axes and rotary axes were reasonably set. Accuracy was solved for B axis and C axis respectively in the workspace. Optimization and allocation of single axis accuracy were realized. Components of each axis can be selected scientifically according to the research results in the design process. The introduced method also adapts to medium and large sized simultaneously multi axis machine tools．