宁夏山洪灾害雨量预警值计算研究

随着山洪灾害监测预警非工程措施建设和全国2013年-2015年度山洪灾害防治建设的推进,宁夏全区防洪减灾综合能力得到了显著改善和全面提升.但现阶段尚没有科学、系统、定量的分析研究突发暴雨、洪水、积涝、滑坡、泥石流等山洪灾害预警指标,突发性洪涝灾害的应急避灾、紧急处置和抢险救助仍旧十分困难.结合宁夏水系分布与防洪工程建设实际情况,在参考已有临界雨量推求方法的基础上,综合应用暴雨等值线和P-Ⅲ频率曲线表反推不同量级洪水对应的雨量值作为山洪灾害预警值.该方法简单易操作,计算成果对宁夏防洪减灾工作具有重要意义.

Calculation of early warning value of rainfall for torrential flood disasters in Ningxia

With the implementation of non-engineering measures on flood monitoring and early warning and the nationwide flood disaster prevention construction from 2013 to 2015, the comprehensive ability of the entire Ningxia region in flood control and disaster reduction has significantly improved. But, currently there is no early warning index for scientific, systematic and quantitative analysis of flood disasters such as rainstorm, flood, water logging, landslides, and mudslides, making it difficult to conduct emergency disaster relief, emergency response and emergency rescue in sudden flood disasters. In light of the actual river distribution and flood control project construction in Ningxia, based on the existing methods of ascertaining critical rainfall, we used the rainstorm isoline and P-III frequency curve table to estimate the rainfall value corresponding to different flood magnitudes, and used the value as the early warning value for flood disasters. This method is simple and easy to operate. The calculation results have important significance to flood prevention and disaster reduction in Ningxia.