Model investigations on the penetration of melts into injection nozzles

The formation of gas bubbles and the penetration behaviour of the liquid into the nozzle against the gas stream were studied in water, water-glycerine mixtures and mercury from bubbling regions to a continuous gas jet region with various nozzle configuration. Measurements were also made with gas and powder injection in the mercury and molten pig iron models. It was observed that the penetration behaviour of the liquids during gas injection depends on the gas flow velocity, the diameter and orientation of the nozzle, the wettability and the density of the liquid. The results of the powder injection showed a lower penetration depth of the liquid into the nozzle than the results for gas only injections. The effect of each influencing factor on the penetration behaviour was shown to be similar in both injection types, with or without powder.