基于模糊控制的最大功率点跟踪算法的研究

本文根据太阳能电池的特性方程进行优化得到其工程模型并建立MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真模型,同时对仿真结果进行简单分析,主要是分析太阳能电池在标准参数下的伏安特性和伏瓦特性,以及在不同温度和光照强度条件下的特性。介绍最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)的原理并采用扰动观察法进行了定步长的仿真并对其结果进行了分析,在其基础上进行改进,提出一种基于模糊控制的变步长扰动观察算法,应用MATLAB中的Fuzzy工具箱进行模糊控制器的设计。得出的仿真结果表明,本算法能够稳定在最大功率点,避免了定步长扰动观察法在最大功率点的震荡,在环境参数突变的情况下,能够快速寻找到新的最大功率点,具有良好的跟踪效果。

Research of the Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm Based on Fuzzy Control

According to the optimized characteristics of solar cells, we get the engineering equation model, and the MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation model is established. The simulation results are analyzed simply, mostly the V-I characteristics and V-P characteristics of solar cells under standard parameters, and the characteristics of change under different temperature and light intensity conditions. The paper introduces the principle of the maximum power point tracking(MPPT), and uses the perturbation and observation(P&O) to perform fixed-step simulations and analyses the results. We propose a variable-step algorithm based on fuzzy control, and design a fuzzy controller by the fuzzy toolbox of the MATLAB software. The simulation results show that, the maximum power point can be stabilized and can avoid the maximum power point shock in fixed perturbation and observation(P&O) . It is able to find a new maximum power point quickly when the environmental parameters change and the results demonstrate its excellent tracking performance.