Words derivated from Sturmian words |
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Affiliation: | 1. Departamento de Matemática, Universidade de Évora Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal;2. Institut d’Informatique, Université de Mons-Hainaut, Le Pentagone av. du Champ de Mars, 6, 7000 Mons, Belgium |
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Abstract: | A return word of a factor of a Sturmian word starts at an occurrence of that factor and ends exactly before its next occurrence. Derivated words encode the unique decomposition of a word in terms of return words. Vuillon has proved that each factor of a Sturmian word has exactly two return words. We determine these two return words, as well as their first occurrence, for the prefixes of characteristic Sturmian words. We then characterize words derivated from a characteristic Sturmian word and give their precise form. Finally, we apply our results to obtain a new proof of the characterization of characteristic Sturmian words which are fixed points of morphisms. |
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