Generation of square and triangular wave with independently controllable frequency and amplitude using OTAs only and its application in PWM

This paper presents a self-generating square/triangular wave generator using only the CMOS Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTAs) and a grounded capacitor. The output frequency and amplitude of the proposed circuit can be independently and electronically adjusted. The proposed circuit validates its advantage by consuming less amount of power, which is about 71.3 µW. The theoretical aspects are authentically showcased using the PSPICE simulation results. The performance of the proposed circuit is also verified through pre layout and post layout simulation results using the 90 nm GPDK CMOS parameters. A prototype of this circuit has been made using commercially available IC CA3080 for experimental verification. Experimentation also gives the similar output as per the theoretical proposition. The designed circuit is also made applicable to perform pulse width modulation (PWM).