线粒体细胞色素b基因在鱼唇制品物种鉴定中适用性的研究

目的 探讨线粒体细胞色素b基因(Cytochrome b, Cyt b)在鱼唇物种鉴定的适用性,为鲨鱼类物种鉴定增加新的DNA条形码。方法 利用Cyt b作为DNA条形码对从全国31个城市购买252份鱼唇样品进行PCR扩增,测序、利用BLAST功能进行近源种同源基因比较分析,鉴定鱼唇制品鱼种,对鲨鱼物种进行濒危评价分析。结果 成功扩增出250个样品,找到的一致性鲨鱼物种基因序列相似性均在99%以上。涉及8个鲨鱼种,最多样品为大青鲨,占样品65.5%,其余还有镰形真鲨、路氏双髻鲨、锤头双髻鲨、灰鲭鲨、远洋白鳍鲨、沙拉真鲨和黑边鳍真鲨。结论 应用Cyt b作为DNA条形码对鲨鱼种鉴定结果与COI DNA条形码结果一致,在鲨鱼种鉴定时可以使用Cyt b 基因及COI基因联合鉴定条形码,为深加工海产品物种鉴定提供更多的技术支撑。

Applicability of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene in species identification of fish lip products

Purpose In order to add a new DNA barcoding for shark species identification, the applicability of mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene in fish lip species identification was investigated. Methods Using Cyt b as DNA barcoding, 252 fish lip samples from 31 cities in China were amplified by PCR. The homologous genes of near source species were compared and analyzed to identify fish species of fish lip products by sequencing and blasting. The endangered species of sharks were evaluated. Results 250 samples were successfully amplified, and the similarity of gene sequences of consistent shark species was more than 99%. There are 8 shark species involved, and the Prionace glauca accounts for 65.5% of the sample. The rest include Carcharhinus falciformis, Sphyrna lewini, Sphyrna zygaena, Isurus oxyrinchus, Carcharhinus longimanus, Carcharhinus sorrah, Carcharhinus limbatus. Conclusions The results of shark species identification by using Cyt b as DNA barcoding are consistent with COI DNA barcoding. It is suggested to use Cyt b gene as auxiliary identification in shark species identification.