5种新型杀菌剂对4种鱼的急性毒性及安全性评价

为评价5种新型杀菌剂的环境安全性,采用半静态法测定了其对4种鱼的急性毒性。结果表明,氟醚菌酰胺对斑马鱼、稀有鮈鲫和凤尾鲫的LC_(50)(96 h)均大于100 mg/L,对青鳉的LC_(50)(96 h)为35.25 mg/L,其急性毒性均为低毒;氟吡菌胺对斑马鱼、青鳉、稀有鮈鲫和凤尾鲫的LC_(50)(96 h)分别为1.49、0.56、0.35、1.04 mg/L,其对斑马鱼和凤尾鲫急性毒性为中毒,对青鳉和稀有鮈鲫为高毒;苯噻菌胺对斑马鱼、稀有鮈鲫和凤尾鲫的LC_(50)(96 h)均大于100 mg/L,对青锵的LC_(50)(96 h)为88.23mg/L,其急性毒性均为低毒;嘧菌酯对斑马鱼、青鳉、稀有鮈鲫和凤尾鲫的LC_(50)(96 h)分别为106.80、0.44、85.96、4.61 mg/L,其对斑马鱼和稀有鮈鲫急性毒性为低毒,对青鳉急性毒性为高毒,对凤尾鲫为中毒;醚菌酯对斑马鱼、青鳝、稀有鮈鲫和凤尾鲫的LC_(50)(96 h)分别为0.77、0.66、0.51、0.81 mg/L,其对4种鱼急性毒性均为高毒。明确这些药剂的环境安全性对指导其科学使用,保护环境生物均有较大意义。

Acute Toxicity and Safety Evaluation of Five New Fungicides to Four Kinds of Fishes

Semi-static method is used to determine the toxicity of five kinds of new fungicides to four kinds of fishes. The results showed that fumijunxianan was low toxicity to all the fishes after 96 h treatment, with the LC50 values to brachydonio rerio, gobiocypris rarus and crucian carp were over 100 rag/L, and 35.25 mg/L to oryzias latipes. Fluopicolide was moderate toxicity to brachydonio rerio and crucian carp and high toxicity to oryzias latipes and gobiocypris rarus, with its LCsovalues were 1.49, 1.04, 0.56 and 0.35 mg/L, respectively. Benthiavalicarb-isopropyl was low toxicity to all the fishes after 96 h treatment, with the LC50 values to brachydonio rerio, gobiocypris rarus and crucian carp were over 100 mg/L, and 88.23 mg/L to oryzias latipes. Azoxystrobin was low toxicity to brachydonio rerio and gobiocypris rarus and moderate toxicity to crucian carp and high toxicity to oryzias latipes, with its LC50 values were 106.80, 85.96, 4.61 and 0.44 mg/L, respectively. Kresoxim-methyl was high toxicity to brachydonio rerio, gobiocypris rarus, crucian carp and oryzias latipes after 96 h treatment, with its LC50 values were 0.77, 0.51, 0.81 and 0.66 mg/L, respectively. The environmental safety evaluation of the five kinds of new fungicides could be meaningful to the use of these fungicides and be of great significances to protect environmental biology of fishes.