氧化钚属性测量技术研究

利用高分辨高纯锗γ谱仪,在铅屏蔽室内,对100 g回收氧化钚粉末样品和8 g纯氧化钚粉末样品分别进行了长时间测量,在自然环境,对200 g回收氧化钚粉末样品进行了现场探测.在三个样品的能谱中均观察到871 keV特征γ射线,除此之外,没有观察到其它与氧的存在相关的特征射线.同过去所测的金属钚谱相比较,在金属钚谱中未曾发现871 keV特征γ射线.因此,就核查区分封闭容器罐中的钚材料是金属钚还是化合钚而言,可以用871 keV来旁证"金属钚的不存在".对200 g氧化钚样品的现场探测表明,871 keV能峰是明显存在的,而且自编的丰度和年龄分析软件能从10 min测量能谱中识别出871 keV能峰.如果将属性测量系统的分析软件和控制部分进行适当改进,该系统就具备通过监测871 keV能峰确定氧化钚属性的能力.

Investigation on the attribute detection of plutonium oxide

A long-term detection of the 871 keV gamma-ray emitted from two PuO2 samples (100 g recovered powder and 8 g pure powder) has been conducted with a high resolution HPGe spectrometer in a lead-shielded chamber. An on-site detection of the 871 keV gamma-ray emitted from 200 g recovered PuO2 powder has also been performed. Although the 871 keV peak can be observed in all 3 samples, other characteristic gamma-rays related to the existence of oxygen are not seen. The 871 keV peak is absent in spectra acquired from metal plutonium samples, which can answer whether the plutonium material in a sealed container is metal plutonium or plutonium oxide, i.e. the 871 keV gamma-ray can be an evidence for the absence of metal plutonium. The 871 keV peak is strong in the spectrum of 200 g recovered PuO2 sample. A software of plutonium abundance and age analysis developed by ourselves can identify the 871 keV peak from a spectrum of 10 min. If the system is appropriately improved, it can be used to detect attribute of plutonium oxide through identifying 871 keV gamma-ray peak.