基于事故树分析法的控制爆破危害影响研究

广西河百高速在施工过程中部分开挖路段需进行爆破开挖,周边有居民房,为确保施工安全,需控制爆破冲击波、爆破振动和爆破飞石等对人员和构筑物的不利影响。采用安全系统工程中事故树分析方法对危险因素展开了系统分析,分别建立了爆破冲击波、爆破振动和爆破飞石事故树,综合分析得到事故树最小割集、事故树最小径集和事故树结构重要度,指出各个因素主次。结果表明:综合爆破冲击波、爆破振动和爆破飞石的事故树分析,在爆破施工过程中要加大施工现场监管、施工设计、减振措施和爆破警戒范围内飞石控制措施等的管理力度。

Research on Hazard of Controlled Blasting based on Fault Tree Analysis

The blasting excavation are necessary in the evacuated road during the construction of Guangxi Hebai highway,the adverse effects on structures and persons,such as the blast shock wave,blasting vibration and blasting flying rocks,should be taken into account and be controlled to ensure the construction security.This paper carried out a systematic analysis on the risk factors by using fault tree analysis method in safety systematic engineering,and es-tablished fault tree of blasting shock wave,fault tree of blasting vibration and fault tree of blasting flying rock,and fi-nally got the results of minimum cut set,minimum path set and structural importance of fault tree through comprehen-sive analysis,then pointed out precedence of all factors.According to the fault tree analysis of blasting shock wave, blasting vibration and blasting flying rocks,the management of construction supervision,construction design,vibration reducing measure and blasting warning range of flying rocks control need to be strengthened in the construction process of blasting.