Development of infrared-assisted hybrid solar dryer for drying pineapple slices: Investigation of drying characteristics,mass transfer parameters,and quality attributes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran;1. School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China;2. Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China;3. Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA;1. College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, P.O. Box 194, 17 Qinghua Donglu, Beijing 100083, China;2. College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China;3. Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland;4. Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India;5. Love Nest Biotechnology (Changzhou) Co., LTD, Changzhou 213017, Jiangsu, China;6. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China;1. Department of Food Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35433, Turkey;2. Department of Software Engineering, Yasar University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | The research aims to the development and performance evaluation of an infrared-assisted hybrid solar dryer (IR-HSD) for drying pineapple slices. The IR-HSD contains an evacuated tube solar collector, blower assembly, drying chamber, infrared heater, phase change material (PCM) chamber, etc. The study investigates and compares the thermal profiling, drying kinetics, mass transfer parameters and quality attributes of pineapple slices dried using different methods, such as direct drying, phase change material (PCM)-assisted drying, PCM + IR-assisted drying, and sun drying. The average temperatures achieved inside the drying chamber for direct drying and PCM-assisted drying were 60.16 °C and 57.29 °C, respectively, while the temperature reached 60 °C for PCM + IR assisted drying. The average drying rate in PCM + IR drying was higher than in direct and PCM-assisted drying methods. The best-fitting models were the Modified Page model for direct and PCM + IR-assisted drying and the Midilli-Kucuk model for PCM-assisted and sun drying. The higher effective moisture diffusivity for PCM + IR-assisted drying was 2.59 × 10−9 m2/s, followed by direct and PCM-assisted drying. Similarly, the convective mass transfer coefficient obtained was 1.085 × 10−7 m/s, 8.321 × 10−8 m/s, and 1.381 × 10−7 m/s for direct, PCM-assisted, and PCM + IR-assisted drying, respectively. The superior quality attributes such as total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity were observed in all drying approaches with retention of colour except open sun drying, which decreased significantly. FTIR spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of different bioactive, including aromatic compounds, phenols and hydrocarbon functional groups. The infrared-assisted hybrid solar drying of pineapple slices showed a better drying process and quality attributes. |
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