游梁式抽油机井皮带滑动效率的仿真研究

针对游梁式抽油机皮带传动装置负载扭矩波动大的特点，研究了游梁式抽油机皮带的纵向振动特性、皮带与带轮之间的相对滑动速度以及皮带传动的瞬时滑动效率。将皮带简化为纵向振动的弹性体，建立了皮带在交变摩擦力激励下的纵向振动力学模型与波动方程形式的数学模型;应用振型叠加法建立了皮带纵向振动的数值仿真模型;建立了皮带相对于带轮的瞬时滑动速度、瞬时滑动效率的仿真模型;仿真分析了抽油机曲柄扭矩波动幅值、皮带预紧力对皮带滑动效率的影响。仿真结果表明：抽油机曲柄扭矩波动会降低滑动效率;当抽油机曲柄扭矩存在负扭矩时,皮带滑动效率明显降低;在预紧力能保证皮带传动正常工作的情况下，再增加皮带预紧力会增大皮带的传动效率。
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Simulation of Sliding Efficiency for Belt Driving in Beam Pumping Units

Considering great fluctuation of load torque of the belt driving
device in a beam pumping unit,belt longitudinal vibration of beam pumping unit,
the relative sliding speed between belt and pulley and instantaneous sliding efficiency
were researched.The belt was simplified to elastic body of longitudinal vibration,
the mechanical model of longitudinal vibration of the belt which was excited by alternating friction was established,and the mathematical model of the wave equation form was
built.The numerical simulation model of wave equation was established with the superposition method of vibration mode.Simulation model of belt instantaneous sliding speed
relative to pulley and simulation model of belt instantaneous sliding efficiency were established.The factors of affecting sliding efficiency were pointed out,such as oscillation amplitude of alternating torque and initial tension of belt in beam pumping unit.The following conclusions are obtained by the simulation results:load torque fluctuations of beam pumping unit will lead to lower sliding efficiency;sliding efficiency of belt driving decreases
obviously
when crank torque of beam pumping units is negative;under condition that the beam pumping unit
operates regularly,the belt efficiency increases with the increasing of initial tension.