剪叉式升降平台设计与有限元分析

目的针对市场上现有单级剪叉式升降平台的不足,提出一种可变幅面、可设定升降高度的剪叉式升降平台,设计其机械结构,并进行力学性能分析。方法利用三维建模软件SolidWorks对升降平台进行三维实体建模;利用有限元分析软件Ansys Workbench建立有限元模型,对其静态承载性能进行仿真分析。结果得到了该平台在特定载荷下,在升起且伸缩台板合上,升起且伸缩台板拉开,降下且伸缩台板合上,降下且伸缩台板拉开4种工作状态下的总体变形和等效应力情况。其中最大总体变形主要位于伸缩台板左边缘,上述4种工作状态下的最大总体变形分别为1.97,1.07,0.73,0.33 mm,都在允许范围内;最大等效应力出现在剪刀撑铰点附近,上述4种工作状态下的最大等效应力分别为47.51,40.10,185.34,170.02 MPa,均小于结构钢材料的屈服极限(235 MPa),强度满足要求。结论所提出的可变幅面、可设定升降高度的剪叉式升降平台,拓展了传统升降平台的功能。

Design and Finite Element Analysis of Scissor Lift Platform

The work aims to propose a scissor lift platform which can vary the breadth and set the lifting height, design its mechanical structure and analyze the mechanical properties, with regard to the shortage of single-stage scissor lift platform in present market. The lift platform was modeled via three-dimensional modeling software SolidWorks. The finite element model was created via finite element analysis software Ansys Workbench, and the static bearing property was simulated and analyzed. The overall deformation and equivalent stress were obtained under specific load and four working conditions: lifting and telescopic table plate closing, lifting and telescopic table plate opening, falling and telescopic table plate closing, and falling and telescopic table plate opening. The maximum overall deformation was mainly located on the left edge of the telescopic table plate. The maximum overall deformation under the four working conditions above were 1.97 mm, 1.07 mm, 0.73 mm and 0.33 mm, respectively, and all of them were within the allowable range. The maximum equivalent stress appeared near the joint point of scissors brace. The maximum equivalent stress under the four working conditions above were 47.51 MPa, 40.10 MPa, 185.34 MPa and 170.02 MPa, respectively, which were lower than the yield limit of structural steel material (235 MPa), and the strength met the requirements. The proposed scissor lift platform, which can vary the breadth and set the lifting height, extends the function of the traditional lift platform.