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Investigation of laser welding on butt joints of Al/steel dissimilar materials |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Development and Application Technology of Automotive Steels, 201900 Shanghai, China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China;3. ShP/TEF1, United Automotive Electronic Systems Co., Ltd., 201206 Shanghai, China;1. Lehrstuhl Werkstofftechnik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany;2. BIAS—Bremer Institut für angewandte Strahltechnik GmbH, Klagenfurter Str. 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany;3. BIAS—Bremer Institut für angewandte Strahltechnik and University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Str. 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany;1. Welding Engineering and Laser Processing Centre, Cranfield University, University Way (Building 46), Bedford, MK43 0AL, United Kingdom;2. BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships, 1048 Govan Road, Glasgow, G14 5XP, United Kingdom;1. Center for Laser-Aided Manufacturing, Lyle School of Engineering, Southern Methodist University, 3101 Dyer Street, Dallas, TX 75205, United States;2. General Motors R&D Center, Warren, MI 48090-9055, United States |
| Abstract: | Dissimilar metals of AA6013 aluminum alloy and Q235 low-carbon steel of 2.5 mm thickness were butt joined using a 10 kW fiber laser welding system with ER4043 filler metal. The study indicates that it is feasible to join aluminum alloy to steel by butt joints when zinc layer was hot-dip galvanized at the steel’s groove face in advance, and better weld appearance can be obtained at appropriate welding parameters. The joints had dual characteristics of a welding joint on the aluminum side and a brazing joint on the steel side. The smooth Fe2Al5 layer adjacent to the steel matrix and the serrated-shape FeAl3 layer close to the weld metal were formed at the brazing interface. The overall thickness of Fe–Al intermetallic compounds layers produced in this experiment were varied from 1.8 μm to 6.2 μm at various welding parameters with laser power of 2.85–3.05 kW and wire feed speed of 5–7 m/min. The Al/steel butt joints were failed at the brazing interface during the tensile test and reached the maximum tensile strength of 120 MPa. |
| Keywords: | Al/steel dissimilar alloys Fiber laser welding–brazing Butt joint Intermetallic compounds layers Tensile strength |
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