不同来源人工培养蝉花子实体挥发性成分的研究

目的 探究不同来源蝉花子实体挥发性物质的组成和差异。方法 采用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱法对两个 不同来源的7个蝉花子实体的挥发性成分进行检测分析。结果 7个样品共鉴定出95种挥发性化合物，其中10种共有化合物；酯类化合物21种、烯烃类化合物21种、酮类化合物17种、烷烃类化合物9种、醛类化合物6种、醇类化合物6种、酸类化合物5种、炔烃类化合物1种、其他化合物9种 。相对含量分析表明，A实验室 样品挥发成分以烯烃类化合物为主，B实验室 样品挥发成分以烯烃类和酮类化合物为主 。主成分分析提取得到特征值大于1的主成分3个，累积方差贡献率达81.2%，可对不同来源的蝉花子实体样品进行初步区分。通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析鉴别出两实验室培养蝉花子实体的主要差异挥发性化合物有8种。聚类分析结果表明A、B实验室培养样品各自聚为一类，聚类热图分析表明两实验室培养蝉花子实体在挥发性化合物的组成有存在明显差异，可将二者进行区分。结论 从本研究的结果可以看出两个不同来源的蝉花子实体样品挥发性成分存在一定差异，但同一来源不同批次样品间差异小于不同来源之间的差异 。可为不同来源蝉花子实体的鉴定提供理论和实验依据。

Research on the volatiles of fruiting bodies of artificial cultured Isaria cicadae Miq. from different sources

Objective To explore the volatile components of fruiting bodies of I. cicadae. Methods the volatile compounds of 7 fruiting bodies of I. cicadae from 2 different sources were detected and analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). Results The results indicated that 95 volatile compounds were identified in 7 samples, of which 10 compounds were found in all samples. There were 21 esters, 21 alkenes, 17 ketones, 9 alkanes, 6 aldehydes, 6 alcohols, 5 acids, 1 alkyne and 9 others. The relative content analysis indicates that the volatile components of samples from laboratory A are dominated by alkenes and from B are dominated by esters and ketones. Three principal components were extracted with eigenvalues greater than 1 in principal component analysis (PCA), and the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 81.2%, which can be used to preliminarily distinguish the fruiting bodies of I. cicadae from different sources. The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) found 8 volatile compounds were identified between A and B sources as the main differential volatile compounds. The results of cluster analysis showed that A1, A2 and A3 clustered into one group, B1, B2, B3 and B4 clustered into one group. Cluster heat discriminate map indicated that the volatile compounds of samples from different companies have significantly differences and they could be used to distinguish the samples. Conclusion The differences of the volatile components I. cicadae samples from two different sources were larger than the difference between different batches of samples from the same source. It could provide theoretical and experimental basis for quality control and discrimination of fruiting bodies of I. cicadae from different sources.