基于QFD/TRIZ的适老化智能家居产品交互设计研究

目的 准确地为老年人在智能家居产品的交互上提供良好的体验。方法 从人机工程学的角度入手，构建了QFD/TRIZ集成模型并给出了具体的实施过程。首先，根据人机工程学所研究的内容获取了老年人的需求，并针对各种需求从老年人的生理、心理以及交互三个角度进行了归类；然后在需求的基础上，构建了适用于老年人的智能家居产品特性质量屋（HOQ），进一步分析了质量屋内部的关系矩阵，对冗余的产品特性进行了剔除以及合理修改，从而获得了基于老年人真实需求基础上的产品重要度特性。最后提取出了质量屋顶部自相关矩阵中的负相关特性问题，并在对其进行了TRIZ问题的转化后，利用TRIZ理论进行了设计阶段产品特性冲突的消除。结果 QFD/TRIZ结合使用，不仅避免了产品设计初期需求获取的主观以及不合理因素，还能够对产品的功能、结构等适用性要求，进行针对性修改，为适老化产品的设计提供了明确目标。结论 通过对适老化智能冰箱交互方面的分析和设计，提出了QFD/TRIZ集成模型应用于老年人智能家居产品设计的可行性。

Interaction Design of Elderly-oriented Intelligent Home Products Based on QFD/TRIZ

The work aims to accurately provide a good experience for the elderly in the interaction of intelligent home products. From the perspective of ergonomics, the QFD/TRIZ integrated model was constructed and the specific imple-mentation process was given. First of all, according to the contents of ergonomics study, the needs of the elderly were acquired and categorized from the physiological, psychological and interactive aspects. Then, on the basis of the needs, an intelligent home product feature HOQ suitable for the elderly was constructed. By further analyzing the relationship matrix within the house of quality, the redundant product features were removed and reasonably modified to obtain the product importance based on the real needs of the elderly. Finally, the problem of negative correlation in the autocorrelation matrix of the HOQ top was extracted and transformed into the TRIZ issues. Then, the TRIZ theory was used to eliminate the conflict of product features during the design phase. The combined use of QFD/TRIZ not only avoided the subjective and unreasonable factors in the initial demand acquisition of product design, but also enabled targeted modifications to the product''s functional, structural, and other applicable requirements, thus providing a clear objective for elderly-oriented product design. Through the analysis and design of elderly-oriented intelligent refrigerator in terms of interaction, the feasibility of the QFD/TRIZ integrated model in the design of intelligent home products suitable for the elderly is proposed.