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Gurum Seeds: A Potential Source of Edible Oil |
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| Authors: | Emad Karrar Isam A Mohamed Ahmed Muhammad Faisal Manzoor Frederick Sarpong Wei Wei Xingguo Wang |
| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China
Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, P.O.Box20 Sudan;2. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia;3. School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641 China;4. School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013 People's Republic of China Value Addition Division, Oil Palm Research Institute-Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Kade, BOX 74 Ghana;5. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 China |
| Abstract: | Cucurbitaceae family seeds are mostly discarded as agro-industrial wastes. Gurum (Citrullus lanatus var. colocynthoide) is an underutilized wild cucurbit plant, closely related to desert watermelon, which is grown abundantly in some African countries. Gurum seeds can play a significant role in health and nutrition due to their high oil content. This review describes the nutritional composition of gurum seeds and their oil profile. Gurum seeds are a good source of oil (27–35.5%), fiber (26–31%), crude protein (15–18%), and carbohydrates (14–17%). Gurum seeds oil is extracted by supercritical CO2 (SFE), screw press, and solvent extraction techniques. The gurum seeds oil is composed of unsaturated fatty acids with a high proportion of linoleic acid (C18:2) and oleic acid (C18:1). Gurum seeds oil contains various bioactive compounds, such as tocopherols, phytosterols, and polyphenols. It is reported that solvent extraction gives a higher yield than the screw press and SFE, but the SFE is preferred due to safety issues. More studies are required for producing better quality gurum seeds oil by using novel extraction techniques that can increase oil yield. |
| Keywords: | bioactive compounds chemical composition gurum seeds lipid composition oil extraction methods |