生物质在能源资源替代中的途径及前景展望

化石能源，特别是石油资源的日益短缺，促使人们不断开发新的可再生能源来替代目前的化石能源。本文介绍了生物质在能源和化工领域替代石油资源的各种可能途径，分析了这些途径的发展前景，提出了各种生物质资源不但能够成为石油资源的直接替代，如燃料乙醇、生物柴油等；而且能够成为开发各种化工产品的资源平台，形成对石油化工产品的产业竞争，实现对石油资源的间接替代，如各种生物基基本有机化学品和功能性高分子材料等。开发生物质转化制液体燃料技术和生物化工技术将对石化工业的发展起到推动作用，有助于石油化工产业的可持续发展。

Routes and prospects in the energy resources replacing by biomasses

Energy resources,especially the petroleum,become more and more limited,which push our society to develop new continuously renewable energy sources.In this paper,some possible substitute routes and their future in energy and petrochemicals replacing by biomass are described.It shows that the biomass resources can not only be the direct substitute of liquid fuels,such as fuel ethanol and bio-diesel,but also can be the indirect substitute of petroleum,such as basic bio-chemicals and functional polymers.Biochem...