纳米纤维素晶体的性能研究

竹子溶解浆经植物粉碎机预处理,再用硫酸水解制备纳米纤维素晶体(NCC)。利用马尔文激光粒度仪、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)、热重分析仪(TGA)对原料及纳米纤维素晶体的尺寸、形貌、晶体特性、结构和热性能进行表征。结果表明:NCC的Z均粒径为128.7nm;竹浆经机械粉碎部分纤维长链被切断;由TEM图观察可知NCC为棒状,直径5~10nm,长度100~200nm;竹浆及NCC属于纤维素Ⅰ型,结晶度由竹浆的64.27%提高到72.04%;FTIR图谱表明竹浆与NCC化学结构基本一致;TGA分析表明NCC的热稳定性低于竹浆,但NCC的降解速率较竹浆缓慢,并且NCC的热解残余率增大。

Studies on the properties of nanocrystalline cellulose

Bamboo dissolving pulp was pretreated by plant mill, and then hydrolyzed by sulfuric acid to prepare nanocrystalline cellulose（NCC）. The size and morphology, crystallinity, structure and thermal properties of raw material and nanocrystalline cellulose（NCC） were characterized by laser particle analyzer, scanning electron microscopes（SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy（FT1R） and thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）. The result shows that Z-average size of NCC is 128.7nm; partial of long fibers of bamboo pulp were cut by mechanical milling： the morphology of NCC can be observed by TEM, they are rod like, and the diameter is about 5 to 10nm, with the length of 100 to 200nm; the bamboo pulp and NCC are cellulose I model, NCC crystallinity increases from 64.27% to 72.04% of the bamboo pulp; the FTIR pattern shows that NCC kept the chemical structure of bamboo pulp. TGA shows the thermal stability of NCC was lower than that of the bamboo pulp, but the NCC decreasing ratio of bamboo pulp is slow, and thermolysis residual ratio of NCC increases.