衬层弹性变形对水润滑结构润滑性能的影响分析

以水润滑轴承为例,利用有限元耦合算法数值计算了水润滑结构的弹流润滑模型,从理论上分析了具有不同弹性模量值和厚度值的橡胶衬层弹性变形对水润滑结构水膜压力、水膜厚度和摩擦磨损特性的影响规律。研究表明:衬层弹性变形对水润滑结构的弹流润滑性能有着非常大的影响,其影响效果在弹性模量值和厚度值较大时更为明显;相同的工况下,随着衬层弹性模量值的减小,水润滑结构的轴向和周向水膜厚度皆升高,水膜压力降低,压力作用区域扩大,弹流润滑效果更好,从而减轻了结构的摩擦磨损;一定程度上,衬层弹性模量的降低和衬层厚度的增加在增强水润滑结构的弹流润滑效果上是等效的。

Analysis of Elastic Deformation of Liner on Lubrication Performance of Water-lubricated Structure

The EHL model of water-lubricated structure was numerically calculated by using the Finite element coupling algorithm. Under the consideration of elastic deformation of the rubber liner, numerical simulations of pressure distribution, thickness of water film and friction characteristics were theoretically performed with different values of elastic modulus and thickness of the liner. The results reveal a strong domination of elastic deformation in the EHL performance, which is more obvious at higher values of elastic modulus and thickness of the liner. With the elastic modulus of rubber liner decreasing, the water film thickness becomes larger on both the circumferential and axial directions, and the pressure values of water film decrease. Then, the effective area of pressure is expanded, and the effects of EHL become better. Consequently, the friction and wear of the water-lubricated structure are weakened. Within certain extent, the effects of decreasing the value of elastic modulus of rubber liner and increasing the value of thickness are equivalent on enhancing the EHL performance of water-lubricated structure.