复配捕收剂改善磷矿浮选效果的机理研究

以贵州某硅钙质胶磷矿为研究对象,选取油酸钠作为磷矿正浮选的捕收剂,与几种常用的表面活性剂进行复配,考察了复配捕收剂的浮选效果,并通过表面张力、Zeta电位、红外光谱、扫描电镜和TOC测定,研究了复配捕收剂的浮选机理,确定了磷矿正浮选合适的复配捕收剂。试验结果表明,油酸钠与表面活性剂复配后用于磷矿正浮选,可以改善油酸钠在矿浆中的水溶性和分散性,降低矿浆的表面张力和磷矿的Zeta电位,提高捕收剂在磷矿表面的吸附量,促进水解的油酸根离子与磷矿表面的Ca²⁺反应生成油酸钙沉淀,从而改善磷矿正浮选效果,提高浮选指标。

Mechanism of Compound Collector in Improving Flotation Efficiency of Phosphate Ore

Sodium oleate was selected as the main collector for the silicic calcium phosphate rock from Guizhou Province. It was compounded with several commonly used surfactants, and the flotation properties and mechanisms of these combined collectors were investigated by analyses of surface tension, zeta potential, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and TOC. The results show that, by using a combination of these surfactants, both the water solubility and dispersibility of sodium oleate are improved, while the surface tension of the pulp and Zeta potential of phosphate rock are reduced. Therewith, the adsorption capacity of the collector on phosphate rock is increased, which promotes the reaction between the hydrolyzed oleate ions and calcium ions on phosphate rock, forming a calcium oleate precipitate, thereby the flotation index are improved, indicating better flotation performance of phosphate rock.