Long-chain fatty ammonium quaternaries in papermaking |
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Authors: | Juha P Koskela Osmo E O Hormi |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemistry, Linnanmaa, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland |
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Abstract: | A series of long-chain quaternary ammonium halogen esters (UKK-chemicals), quaternary dimethyl tallow epoxypropyl ammonium
halogens (EPK1), quaternary ditallow methyl epoxypropyl ammonium halogens (EPK2), and EPK2 oligomers (EPK2P) were synthesized.
At acidic, neutral, or slightly basic conditions, EPK1-, EPK2-, EPK2P-, and UKK-chemicals operate as cationic chemicals. They
can be used, for example, as stock sizings, surface sizings, or fixatives. Stock sizing, surface sizing, and fixative experiments
indicate that EPK1-, EPK2-, EPK2P-, and UKK-chemicals function at least as well as or better than the corresponding synthetic
chemicals used in papermaking. |
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Keywords: | Cationic compounds fatty acids fatty amines fixatives halogen compounds long-chain quaternary ammonium salts paper sizing sizing tests |
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