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Characterization of Nickel Diffusion and its Effect on the Microstructure of Nickel PM Steels |
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| Authors: | Bernard Tougas Carl Blais François Chagnon Sylvain Pelletier |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 De la Médecine, Quebec, QC, G1V?0A6, Canada 2. Centre de Métallurgie du Québec (CMQ), 3095 Westinghouse, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada 3. Rio Tinto Metal Powders, 1655 rte Marie-Victorin, Sorel-Tracy, QC, J3R?4R4, Canada 4. National Research Council of Canada, 75 boul. de Mortagne, Boucherville, QC, J4B?6Y4, Canada |
| Abstract: | Admixing pure elements to powder mixes can cause the formation of heterogeneous microstructures in sintered parts. For instance, nickel is renowned for forming nickel-rich areas (NRA) in powder metallurgy (PM) nickel steels due to its poor diffusivity in iron matrix (or lattice). The present work is aimed at characterizing the principal diffusion mechanisms of nickel and their influence on microstructures and properties of PM nickel steels. A new wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry (WDS) approach linking line scans and X-ray maps to concentration maps is proposed. Grain boundary and volume diffusion coefficients of admixed nickel have been determined in PM nickel steels using Suzuoka’s equation. Results also show that nickel distributes itself in the iron matrix mainly by surface and grain boundary diffusion. |
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