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A review on energy pattern and policy for transportation sector in Malaysia |
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| Authors: | HC Ong TMI Mahlia HH Masjuki |
| Affiliation: | a Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia b Department of Mechanical Engineering, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia |
| Abstract: | Transportation has dominated global fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions have risen in an alarming rate. Gasoline and diesel consumption for road transport have a faster growing rate than other sector and the trend appeared to be rapidly moving upwards in the near future. This has caused much concern in many countries including Malaysia to improve the sustainable energy of this sector. The focus of this paper is to analyze the trends of energy pattern and emission of road transport in Malaysia. On top of that, the review of prospective policies such as fuel economy standards and fuel switching to natural gas as well as biodiesel are summarized in this study. The study found that there is an urgent need to adopt suitable energy policy to balance the energy demand and reduce emission in this sector. This study serves as a guideline for further investigation and research in order to implement and improve the transportation sector. |
| Keywords: | CAFE Corporate Average Fuel Economy CF conversion factor (1 toe = 41 868 GJ) CI compression ignition CNG compressed natural gas EF emission factor f fuel type f FC fuel consumption HC hydrocarbon i in the year i IANGV International Association for Natural Gas Vehicles j emission type j LNG liquefied natural gas NEDC New European Drive Cycle NGV natural gas vehicles SI spark ignition TEU Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit TM total emission |
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