增设通风孔的风冷式锂离子电池热管理系统数值研究

电池热管理系统的优化设计可以维持动力电池的高效性能，进而促进电动汽车产业的发展。本文采用CFD方法研究有通风孔的情况下，风冷式锂离子电池组在放电过程中的散热性能。研究结果发现，在电池组外壳增设通风孔可以明显提高整个电池组的冷却效果。风孔开设在主出风口的相反方向时，电池组的温升和温差最小。当风孔的面积与出口面积相等时，电池组的冷却效果最佳；继续增大风孔对电池组的冷却效果影响较小。最后探讨了空气进口温度和电池间冷却通道的变化对电池组散热效果的影响。采用在电池组外壳上开设多个通风孔的办法有助于电池热管理系统的冷却优化设计。

Numerical Investigation of Air-cooled Cylindrical Lithium-ion Battery Thermal Management System with Vent

The optimum design of battery thermal management system helps maintaining the high efficient performance of power battery, which will contribute to the development of the electric vehicle industry. In this research, a CFD model for an air-cooled battery pack with vent is developed to investigate the thermal performance of battery during discharging. It’s found that the additional vent can significantly improve the cooling performance of the entire battery pack. Temperature rise and temperature difference of the battery pack reach the lowest when the vent is opened at the opposite of the outlet. Moreover, the best cooling performance is achieved as the area of the vent equals to that of the outlet. However, continuously increasing the area of the vent makes little difference on improving the cooling performance. The effects of the inlet air temperature and the volume of the cooling channel on the thermal performance of lithium-ion battery pack are also investigated. Opening multiple vents in the battery pack enable to the optimum design on the cooling capability of the battery thermal management system.