国内外超高温高密度钻井液技术现状与发展趋势

简要介绍了国内外超高温井的情况，从油基钻井液、合成基钻井液及水基钻井液三方面介绍了国内外超高温高密度钻井液的研究与应用现状，并指出了超高温高密度钻井液的发展方向。国外早期超高温钻井液以水基钻井液为主，近年来油基和合成基钻井液应用越来越多，尽管钻遇的井底温度已经超过300 ℃，但钻井液最高密度没有超过2.40 kg/L。国内超高温高密度钻井液以水基钻井液为主，与国外相比，尽管应用的温度没有国外高，但钻井液密度高，已经突破2.50 kg/L。相对而言，国外在超高温高密度钻井液方面更注重高性能专用产品的开发，而国内尽管在超高温钻井液处理剂研究方面已经开展了大量的工作，但没有形成系列产品，大部分研究局限在实验室，超高温高密度钻井液多在传统处理剂基础上，或采用国外产品形成，钻井液的综合性能还不能满足现场需要。国外超高温高密度钻井液已经成熟，目前的研究重点是改善钻井液的环境可接受性。我国应在专用产品开发的基础上，形成配套的钻井液体系，并围绕环保、高效、经济的目标进行油基和合成基钻井液研究。 

Status and Development Trend of Ultra-High Temperature and High Density Drilling Fluid at Home and Abroad

In the past,drilling fluids used in high-temperature formation were mainly water based,while oil based and synthetic drilling fluids have been used widely recently at abroad.The bottom-hole temperature is higher than 300 ℃,while the maximum drilling fluid density is no more than 2.40 kg/L.At present,high-temperature high-density drilling fluids at domestic are still mainly water based;the density is already higher than 2.50 kg/L,and the serial products have not been developed.Most of them are still in experimental stage.Some products were formed based on foreign products or traditional additives.The research on high-density drilling fluids at abroad are focused on environmental acceptance,aimed at developing oil based and synthetic drilling fluids with high efficiency and low cost.This paper describes the status and development trend of oil based,synthetic and water based high-density drilling fluids being used in super-high temperature wells at home and abroad.