气候变化背景下乌梁素海流域水循环系统的演变特征

为了研究气候变化背景下乌梁素海流域水循环系统的演变特征,利用乌梁素海流域内及其周边13个气象站点的气象资料,从1961-2011年51年数据分析其气温、降水、蒸发的变化趋势,发现气温呈现显著上升,降水量和蒸发量年际波动较大,未显示出明显的变化趋势;同时分析了湖泊进出水量、水位变化和土地利用情况,尤其在近10年来,耕地迅速增加,草地林地减少,湖泊水位降低和面积减少,水资源矛盾加剧。气候变化和人类活动对乌梁素海流域水循环系统演变有着重大影响。

Evolution characteristics of water cycle system in Wuliangsuhai river basin under background of climate change

In order to study the evolution characteristics of water cycle system in Wuliangsuhai river basin under the background of climate change,the paper used the meteorological data of 51 years from 13 meteorological stations in Wuliangsuhai river basin from 1961 to 2011 to analyze the change trend of temperature, precipitation, evaporation. The result shows that temperature remarkably increases, the interannual fluctuations of precipitation and evaporation are bigger but do not show obvious change trend.At the same time,it analyzed the water consumption, water level change and land use of lake.The result show that cultivated land is increasing rapidly, grassland woodland is reduced,the water level and area of lake are reduced, and the water resources contradiction intensifies.The climate change and human activity have a significant effect on the evolution of water cycle system in Wuliangsuhai river basin.