栅藻藻渣营养成分分析及蛋白提取工艺优化

研究了二形栅藻藻渣的蛋白提取工艺及氨基酸组成，在测定藻渣蛋白等电点的基础上考察了浸提液pH值、液料比、浸提温度与时间对蛋白提取率的影响. 由正交实验得出提取藻渣蛋白的最佳工艺条件为：浸提液pH值12、液料比40 mL/g、浸提温度45℃、浸提时间140 min，该条件下藻渣蛋白提取率为40.13%. 所制藻渣蛋白氨基酸种类齐全，比例均衡，可作为理想的人蛋白来源. 必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的44.3%. 蛋白质的必需氨基酸指数、氨基酸评分、化学评分、生物价、营养指数和氨基酸比值系数评分分别为82.24, 63.32, 46.66, 77.94, 35.84和74.21.

Analysis of Nutritive Elements and Optimization of Extraction Process of Protein from Scenedesmus dimorphus Residue

The extraction process of protein from Scenedesmus dimorphus residue was optimized, and the obtained protein quality assessed. The effects of extracting solution pH value, ratio of solid to liquid, temperature and time on the extraction rate of the protein from Scenedesmus dimorphus residue were examined before the isoelectric point of the protein was determined. The optimum conditions of alkaline extraction were obtained by orthogonal experiments as follows: pH value of solution 12, ratio of liquid to solid 40 mL/g, and extraction at 45℃ for 140 min. Under these conditions, the extraction rate of protein was 40.13%. The ratio of essential to total amino acids in the protein was 44.3%. The essential amino acid index, amino acid score, chemical score, biological value, nutritional index and score of ratio coefficient of amino acid were 82.24, 63.32, 46.66, 77.94, 35.84 and 74.21, respectively.