涡旋电磁波的理论与应用研究进展

无线电技术因实现对信息的快捷传输而蓬勃发展,时至今日,不断增多的通信业务使得不可再生的频谱资源日益紧缺,通信速率也已趋于香农定理的极限。 涡旋电磁波(简称涡旋波)因携带有轨道角动量(Orbital Angular Momentum, OAM)而体现出新的自由度,理论上在任意频率下都具有无穷多种互不干扰的正交模态,在通信领域有望提升频谱效率与通信容量,在雷达成像领域也体现出提高分辨率的潜力,逐渐成为研究热点。 基于此,本文通过调研,概述了涡旋波的理论研究进展;阐述了涡旋波产生、传输、接收等传播链路的研究方法;介绍了涡旋波在无线通信领域与雷达成像领域的应用现状;总结了涡旋波在目前发展中面临的关键问题,并指出其未来研究与发展的方向。

Research Prpgresses in Theory and Applications of Vortex Electromagnetic Waves

With the rapid development of radio technology, growing communication services have made the spectrum resources increasingly tense and the communication rate has also reached the limit of Shannon''s theorem. Vortex electromagnetic wave (VEMW) owns orbital angular momentum (OAM) which creates a new degree of freedom, meanwhile, it has infinite number of orthogonal modes which not interfere with each other at any frequency. In the field of communication, the utilization of vortex electromagnetic wave can effectively improve spectral efficiency and communication capacity. And VEMW could also be used to increase the resolution of radar in the field of imaging. This paper summarizes the theoretical research progresses of VEMW, and the basic theories of the generation, transmission, reception and propagation links of VEMW are described in detail. The research status of VEMW in the field of wireless communication and radar imaging is introduced. Finally, this paper points out the key issues in the development of VEMW technology and the direction of future researches.