天然气长输管道泄漏检测方案对比

大口径、长距离天然气输送管道的泄漏检测和定位技术日益受到人们的重视。总结评价了用于天然气长输管道泄漏检测和安全预警的各种技术方案，讨论了其基本原理、适用范围、技术成熟度、优点和缺点以及工程应用情况；采用灵敏度、定位精度等7项技术指标对各种泄漏检测方法进行了评价和对比。目前，音波泄漏检测技术和分布式光纤泄漏检测技术由于具有诸多方面的优点，是近年来国内外泄漏检测技术研究的重点和热点，这两种技术已初步应用于实际，并取得了良好的效果。重点对这两种泄漏检测技术的原理、适用范围、所能达到的技术指标、优、缺点以及工程案例进行了详细讨论、分析和对比，可为我国天然气长输管道泄漏检测和安全预警系统的开发和研究提供技术依据。

Comparative Study on Leakage Detecting Techniques for Long-distance Natural Gas Pipelines

The industry puts more and more focus on leakage detecting and positioning techniques for the large size and long distance natural gas transmission pipelines. This paper reviewed and evaluated a variety of leakage detecting and safety early warning techniques for the long distance natural gas transmission pipelines. The basic principles, application scopes, technical maturities, advantages, disadvantages and engineering applications of these methods were discussed and studied comparatively in accordance with seven technical indexes, including sensitivity and positioning accuracy, etc. In recently years, acoustic leak detection and distributed optical fiber technique have become international research focus for their multiple advantages. Both techniques have been preliminarily applied in some projects and have achieved favorable results. The principles, application scopes, reachable technical indexes, advantages, disadvantages and engineering cases of the two methods were exhaustively discussed and analyzed comparatively. It will supply some technique basis for the development and research of the leakage detecting and safety early warning techniques for long distance natural gas transmission pipelines in China.