超临界CO2 反相微乳萃取人参皂甙的研究

利用萃取罐体积为1 L 的超临界CO2 萃取设备，采用琥珀酸二(2- 乙基己基)酯磺酸钠(AOT)/ 乙醇/ 水/ 超临界CO2 反相微乳对人参皂甙的萃取进行了研究。结果表明：最优萃取参数为萃取温度55℃，萃取时间3h，加水量 36ml/100g 人参，萃取压力 30MPa 和 AOT 添加量0.06mol/100g 人参，此时人参皂甙的得率为0.757%；E=0.870 ×(1 － e-0.618t)为超临界CO2 反相微乳萃取人参皂甙的具体动力学模型方程；超临界CO2 反相微乳萃取与超临界CO2 萃取人参皂甙相比是一种相对有效的萃取技术。

Supercritical CO2 Reverse Microemulsion Extraction of Ginsenosides from Panax ginseng

The extraction of ginsenosides from Panax ginseng root using supercritical CO2 reverse microemulsion formed by bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT), ethanol and water was studied, which was carried out in a 1 L supercritical CO2 extraction device. Single-factor and orthogonal array design methods were applied to optimize the extraction. The effects of 7 parameters on ginsenosides extraction were investigated by the single-factor method. A higher extraction yield of ginsenosides was achieved using ethanol as the cosufactant in comparison with butanol and n-pentanol, with the optimal added amount of 120 ml/ 100 g ginseng. Other 5 parameters such as amount of added water, amount of added AOT, extraction time, temperature and pressure were optimized using the orthogonal array design method. The optimal levels of the 5 parameters for improved ginsenosides extraction were determined as follows: amount of added water 36 ml/ 100 g ginseng, amount of added AOT 0.06 mol/100 g ginseng, extraction time 3 h, extraction temperature 55 ℃ and extraction pressure 30 MPa. An extraction yield of 0.757% was achieved under the optimized conditions. Moreover a dynamic model for ginsenosides yield as a function of extraction time was developed, which was E = 0.870 × (1－ e-0.618t). Compared to supercritical CO2 extraction (SCE), this extraction method yielded more ginsenosides.