形状记忆聚合物材料及其在航天器新型锁紧释放机构中的应用

综述了形状记忆聚合物的种类、驱动方式以及形状记忆聚合物复合材料,同时介绍了其在空间锁紧释放机构中的应用,分析了各种锁紧释放机构的优缺点,并讨论了基于形状记忆聚合物材料的航天器新型锁紧释放机构关键技术,包括结构设计、加热源、承载能力、地面试验技术和重复使用性等。随着智能材料的进一步发展,基于形状记忆聚合物材料的锁紧释放机构有望取代火工品锁紧释放机构。

Shape memory polymer materials and their applications in releasing devices of spacecraft

The types and driving methods of shape memory polymers and their composites were reviewed in this work, and their applications in spacecraft releasing devices were introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of various releasing devices were analyzed, and key technologies of spacecraft releasing devices were discussed, such as, structural design, heating source, loading bearing capacity, ground test technique, and reusability. With the further development of smart materials, shape memory polymer materials-based releasing mechanisms are expected to take the place of pyrotechnic releasing devices.