益生菌磷壁酸引起的免疫反应研究进展

磷壁酸是益生菌发挥其生理功能的重要表面分子之一，在免疫调节、治疗肠炎等方面有积极作用。大量研究证明不同结构的磷壁酸引起的免疫反应不同，这也被认为是致病菌及益生菌磷壁酸引起不同免疫反应的重要原因之一。本文在细胞和分子水平上对磷壁酸引起的免疫反应进行简述，并在此基础上分析了益生菌磷壁酸基因缺失突变型菌株对缓解免疫反应疾病、治疗和预防肠炎等方面的作用，旨在为益生菌治疗免疫相关疾病提供新的调控靶点和研究思路。

A Review of Studies on Immunoregulation Induced by Probiotic Teichoic Acid

Teichoic acid is one of the most important surface molecules of probiotics, which plays an active role in immune regulation and treatment of colitis. A large number of studies have proved that teichoic acids with different structures can cause different immune responses, which is considered to be an important reason for the different immune responses caused by teichoic acids from probiotics and pathogenic bacteria. The immune responses induced by teichoic acid are summarized at the cellular and molecular levels. On this basis, the role of teichoic acid-deficient mutants of probiotic bacteria in alleviating immune response-related diseases and preventing and treating colitis is analyzed. The purpose of this review is to provide new regulatory targets and research ideas for probiotics in the treatment of immune-related diseases.