羊脂肪关键香气成分分析

采用溶剂辅助蒸发装置分离并结合气相色谱-质谱及气相色谱-嗅闻分析加热后羊脂肪的关键香气成分。结果表明：根据谱库检索、保留指数、标准品比对气相色谱-质谱鉴定出58 种化合物，其中含量较高的化合物（＞3 μg/kg）为2,3-丁二醇、乙酸、乙偶姻、丙酸、己酸、2-己醇等。采用稀释法/气相色谱-嗅闻分析检测到37 个气味活性区域，根据谱库检索、保留指数、气味特征和标准品比对，鉴定出37 种气味活性成分，其中风味稀释（flavor dilution，FD）因子较大（log2FD≥4）的化合物有(E,E)-2,4-庚二烯醛、(E)-2-壬烯醛、(E,E)-2,4-辛二烯醛、(E)-2-癸烯醛、(E,Z)-2,4-癸二烯醛、(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛、2-庚醇、三甲基吡嗪、4-甲基噻唑、3-甲硫基丙醛、5-甲基-二氢-2(3H)-呋喃酮、4-乙基苯酚，这些化合物是羊脂肪香气的关键成分。研究结果可为羊脂肪的开发利用及羊肉香精的研制提供一定参考。

Analysis of Key Aroma Compounds in Sheep Tallow

The key aroma compounds in heated sheep tallow were analyzed by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). Based on NIST2011 database search, retention index, and comparison with authentic standards, 58 volatiles were identified by GC-MS, among which 2,3-butanediol, acetic acid, acetoin, propanoic acid, hexanoic acid, and 2-hexanol were more abundant. A total of 37 odor activity regions were found by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) combined with GC-O. Totally, 37 odorants were identified, among which (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, (E)-2-nonenal, (E,E)-2,4-octadienal, (E)-2-decenal, (E,Z)-2,4-decadienal, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, 2-heptanol, trimethylpyrazine, 4-methylthiazole, 3-(methylthio)propanal, dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone, and 4-ethylphenol, with higher flavor dilution (FD) values (log2FD ≥ 4), were considered to be the key aroma compounds in sheep tallow. These results can provide a basis for the utilization of sheep tallow in the food industry and the preparation of mutton flavorings.