双歧杆菌、乳杆菌和芽孢杆菌产细菌素和多糖研究进展

双歧杆菌、乳杆菌和芽孢杆菌是益生菌的重要成员，具有很大的开发潜力。其不仅能作为优势菌调节肠道微生态平衡、防治疾病，还能产生具有广谱抗菌活性的细菌素和多糖类等化合物，其中有些化合物还具有抗肿瘤和抗氧化等特性，这些特性使得这些化合物和菌株本身有望开发成为新型膳食补充剂和保健功能性食品。但许多化合物的结构、活性、机制以及安全性尚不明确。因此，本文总结了2010~2019具有益生潜力的双歧杆菌属、乳杆菌属和芽孢杆菌属细菌中分离得到的细菌素和多糖化合物，并对其分类、结构、抗菌、抗肿瘤和抗氧化等功能进行综述，为菌株及其代谢产物的开发和应用提供参考。

Bacteriocins and Polysaccharides from Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Bacillus

: Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Bacillus are important members of probiotics and have great development potential. They can not only regulate the intestinal microecological balance and prevent diseases as the dominant bacteria, but also produce compounds such as bacteriocins and polysaccharides with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Some of these compounds also have antitumor and antioxidant properties. These characteristics make these compounds and strains to be developed into potential dietary supplements and functional foods. However, the structure, activity, mechanism and safety of many compounds are still unclear. This review summarizes the bacteriocins and polysaccharides compounds isolated from Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Bacillus with probiotic potential from 2010 to 2019, and reviews their classification, structure, antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant activities and other functions, which provide a reference for the development and application of strains and their metabolites.