低MHD效应的双液相混合流态氚增殖剂研究

利用液态金属GaInSn合金实验模拟锂基液态氚增殖剂的流体行为，与模拟液态弥散绝缘相的淬火油复合，形成流态氚增殖材料。制备出了一种低电导率特征的金属流体，液态金属GaInSn合金和液态弥散绝缘相淬火油混合成新型流体。研究了磁场、混合比例、温度对其粘度的影响规律，测试了流体的电导率随加入态弥散绝缘相淬火油的变化。结果表明：当磁感应强度超过一定数值后，全液态金属的粘度显著大于添加淬火油复合材料的粘度，说明添加淬火油能有效降低磁流体效应，并且在强磁场下，淬火油复合材料将具有更低的流动阻力；电导率随淬火油的增加近似呈现指数型下降；流态氚增殖剂电导率在静置一段时间后会突然增大，随后在新的电导率水平再次趋于稳定。如果将其重新超声搅拌，则可再次恢复到最初的电导率，这说明实际应用时可循环使用。

An innovative approach to prepare liquid-liquid dual-phase flowable tritium breeder with low MHD effect

A novel flowable tritium breeder is a tritium breeder composite material which can flow through the combination of liquid metal matrix and liquid dispersion insulating phase. Such a liquid-liquid dual-phase composite can not only inhibit the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) resistance effect of the current liquid metal or molten salt tritium breeders, but also address the problems of solid tritium breeders such as low tritium release efficiency, low heat transfer, fragile and easy blockage of gas channel. In this paper, the liquid metal GaInSn alloy was used to simulate the flowable behavior of lithium-based liquid tritium breeder, and composite with quenching oil simulating liquid dispersion insulation phase to form a flowable tritium breeder material. In this paper, a flowable metal with low conductivity characteristics was prepared, and the liquid metal GaInSn alloy and liquid dispersed insulating phase quenching oil were mixed into a new fluid. The influence of magnetic flux, mixing ratio and temperature on its viscosity was studied, and the change of conductivity of fluid with the quenching oil of the added dispersed insulating phase was tested. The results showed that When the magnetic induction intensity exceeds a certain value, the viscosity of the fully liquid metal is significantly higher than that of the composite material with quenched oil, indicating that the addition of quenched oil can effectively reduce the MHD effect, and the quenched oil composite material will have lower flow resistance under a strong magnetic field. The conductivity of the fluid was tested and it was found that the conductivity decreased approximately exponentially with the increase of quenching oil. The conductivity of the flowable tritium breeder increased abruptly after standing for a period of time, and then stabilizes again at the new conductivity level. On condition that it was re-sonicated, it could be restored to its original conductivity again, which meant that it could be recycled in practical applications.