绿松石的加工技法

绿松石是一种具有独特蔚蓝色、含水铜铝磷酸盐的矿物集合体,具有独特的加工性质,如硬度较小、韧性较差、多孔结构、怕酸、怕碱、怕高温。从绿松石的加工性质和分类的角度,讨论其琢型特点,研究绿松石的加工技巧。结果表明,剥皮切割预型打磨抛光的全过程自始至终处于冷加工状态,保持材料和环境干净,避免其与酸、碱接触;抛光时最好使用软盘抛光机,抛光好的成品须进行封蜡处理,从而可琢磨出颜色鲜艳、图纹清晰、质地细腻、光泽温润、精美的绿松石工艺品。从造型、对称性、比例和抛光等方面简要地探讨了绿松石的加工质量评价标准。

Study on Fashion Skill of Turquoise

Turquoise is a sky-blue mineral aggregate of hydro-phosphate with copper and aluminum, and with particular fashion properties such as lower hardness, lower toughness, porous structure, sensitivity to acid, alkali and high temperature, etc. On the basis of systematical fashion properties and variety classification of turquoise, the cut designs are discussed and the skills in fashion are studied emphatically. The results indicate that the process of fashion as dividing(sawing), performing(shaping), cutting and polishing must be in the cold-finished condition and raw turquoise must be kept clean avoiding acid and alkali. The turquoise is polished by felt buff, bristle wheel or felt cone, and finally treated by wax. The appraising standards of the fashion quality of turquoise are briefly probed from the aspects of shape of cut, symmetry, proportion and polishing.