后现代图景下的批判性保护 —— 美国当代建成遗产保护动向

20世纪五六十年代的保护运动极大地促进了美国的建成遗产保护,并促使其走向了与欧洲传统不同的发展道路。20世纪60年代起至今,后现代主义在哲学、艺术、文学和政治等诸多方面深刻影响了美国社会,其理论和实践也影响了美国的遗产保护。本文从遗产价值多样性的再认知、遗产保护与经济社会发展的整合、遗产的文化意义与身份认同、更具批判性的保护方法四个维度,结合案例对后现代图景下美国遗产保护的理论与实践进行了分析,并对当代美国的遗产保护教育进行了探讨。

The Contemporary Trends of Historic Preservation in the United States under the Background of Postmodernism

The historic preservation campaign in 1950s and 1960s greatly promoted the preservation of built heritage in the United States and pushed it towards a different development path comparing to the European tradition. Since the 1960s, Post-modernism has profoundly infl uenced the American society in many aspects, such as philosophy, art, literature and politics. Its theory and practice also infl uenced the preservation of American heritage. This article analyzed the theories and practices of historic preservation in the United States under the background of Postmodernism from the dimen-sion of value recognition, cultural signifi cance, cultural heritage as an impulse of urban development and critical preservation method. And the contemporary historic preservation education is also discussed.