刀具表面织构对刀-屑界面摩擦学特性的影响

刀具快速磨损限制了金属切削的进一步发展，表面织构技术的提出为改善刀-屑界面摩擦提供了新思路，也是目前降低刀具表面磨损的有效方法之一。从刀-屑界面切削液存储与润滑、微/纳织构、织构方向、织构类型及形状、织构位置等五个方面，概述了现有刀具表面织构对刀-屑界面摩擦学特性的影响，总结了刀具表面织构的共性作用机理，并进行了分类归纳。相应分析结果表明，刀具表面织构改变了刀-屑界面内空体集团的数量及微通道分布，增加了界面内切削液的渗入存储，同时捕捉存储了界面内的磨屑颗粒，改善了刀-屑界面润滑摩擦；且在此过程中，润湿性因素对界面内切削液的渗入、存储及润滑油膜的形成等均存在影响。最后对刀具表面织构技术的发展进行了总结与展望，为刀具表面磨损的调控提供了参考。

Tribological Effect of Tool Surface Texturing on Tool-Chip Interface

Rapid wear of cutting tool restricts the further development of metal cutting. The proposed surface texture tech-nology provides a new method for improving friction of the tool-chip interface and has become one of effective ways to reduce tool wear at present. This article overviewed the effect of surface texturing on the tribological characteristics at tool-chip interface from five aspects including the storage and lubrication of cutting fluid, micro/nano textured dimension, textured direction, textured type and shape, and textured zone position and also summarized and classified the commonness working mechanism of tool surface texture. From the analysis results, the texture on the tool surface affected the number and distribution of empty cluster and micro-channel at the tool-chip interface, increased the storage of cutting fluid and improved the tribological effect of cutting tool by trapping and storing wear debris in the interface. Moreover, wetting factors had an important effect on the infiltration, lubrication, and oil film formation of cutting fluid at the tool-chip interface. At last, the future development of tool surface texture technology was prospected and concluded to provide a reference for the improvement of tool wear.