高填土涵洞相似材料模型试验与数值模拟

依据相似理论，采用正交试验和增加局部试验相结合的方法在最少的试验次数下确定相似材料的配比，得出材料配比用量与力学指标的关系。根据现场资料，满足几何相似条件，制作相似材料涵洞模型。在模型上逐层填土、分级加载来模拟实际施工过程。以盖板涵为例，测出模型关键部位的应变、应力结果。把模型试验的结果按照相似指标推算出原型结构的应力分布。用有限元软件ANSYS进行涵洞受力全过程的数值模拟，并将数值模拟结果与模型试验、模型试验推算出的原型结构应力数据加以对比。结果表明，模型试验和有限元数值模拟二者可以互相印证，对实际工程设计具有参考意义。

Model test with similar material and numerical simulation of culvert with high fills

Base on the theory of similarity, orthogonal determine the mixture ratio of the material similar to test and additional local test were conducted to that of culvert with minimal test number. The relationship of mixture ratio and mechanical index of the material was obtained. Applying available site information, a culvert model with similar material and satisfying geometrical similarity was built. Layer-by-layer filling and step loading on the model were carried out to simulate the culvert construction process. Taking plane culvert for example, the strain and stress on critical positions of the model were measured. With similarity index, the results of model test were applied to predict stress distribution on the prototype structure. Finite element software, ANSYS, was used to simulate the loading process on the culvert. Comparison shows that the result of numerical simulation is in good agreement with that of model test and that of predicted prototype. This study may provide useful reference to project design.