基于能量密度的工程陶瓷特种加工去除机制

为了揭示工程陶瓷材料在加工过程中的材料去除机制,对几种典型陶瓷特种加工技术的能量密度进行了研究.以激光加工、辅助电极法电火花加工、高压磨料水射流加工、引弧微爆炸加工4种工程陶瓷加工技术为研究对象,对加工过程中的能量密度进行了定量计算.计算结果表明,激光、辅助电极法电火花加工是通过高密度热能作用于陶瓷表面时产生的高温烧蚀作用去除材料,高压磨料水射流加工是通过具有高密度冲量的磨粒对材料的冲蚀作用去除材料,而引弧微爆炸加工去除材料可以归因于高能量密度的烧蚀和冲蚀协同作用.研究结果表明:实现陶瓷材料去除最根本的原因是加工过程中产生的高能量密度.

Removal mechanism for special machining of engineering ceramics based on energy density

In order to reveal the material removal mechanism for engineering ceramics in the machining process, the energy density of special machining technologies for several typical ceramics was studied. Four kinds of machining technologies including laser machining, electrode assisted electrical discharge machining, high pressure abrasive water jet machining and micro-detonation of striking arc machining(MDSAM)were selected as research objects, and the energy density in the machining process of ceramic materials was quantitatively calculated. The calculated results show that for both laser and electrode assisted electrical discharge machining, the material is removed through the generated high-temperature ablation effect when the high density thermal energy acts on ceramic surface. For the high pressure abrasive water jet machining, the material is removed through the erosion effect of abrasive particles with high density momentum on the material. While for the MDSAM, the removal of material can be attributed to the synergy action of ablation and erosion with high energy density. The research results reveal that the basic reason for realizing the removal of ceramic material owes to the high energy density generated in the machining process.