卫星激光测距中白天测距的分析与实现

卫星激光测距是一项重要而实用的技术,由于白天背景噪声大约是夜间的100万倍,国际上大多数观测台站的卫星激光测距工作都是在夜间进行的。成功实现对激光测距卫星的白天测距,将有助于卫星精密定轨和地球动力学等相关领域的研究,是一项非常重要和有意义的工作。在研制某卫星激光测距项目中,为了完成对MEO(middle earth orbit)、GEO(geostationaryearth orbit)和IGSO(inclined geosynchronous satellite orbit)的白天测距,针对大口径接收望远系统设计和白天背景噪声抑制两大技术难点,进行了详细的分析和论述,提出了采用18点轴向支撑和柔性径向支撑方案解决了大口径主镜的支撑问题,采用空间滤波、光谱滤波和时间滤波技术解决了白天背景噪声大的问题。实践证明,该套系统成功地实现了对GEO卫星的白天测距,白天测距成功率达到了77.5%,测距精度达到了2.6 cm,系统的白天测距能力达到了国际领先水平。

Analysis and realization of day-time ranging of SLR

Satellite laser ranging(SLR) is a very important and practical technology.As day-time background noise is a million times of night noise;so in the world most of the observation stations do SLR at night.Successful day-time ranging of SLR will help the studies of high-accuracy satellite orbit-determination and earth dynamics,and it is of great significance and interest.On the basis of the development of a certain model SLR project,the author explicitly discusses and argues about the two technological difficulties: the design of receiving telescope system and day-time background noise suppression in order to perform day-time ranging of MEO(middle earth orbit),GEO(geostationary earth orbit) and IGSO(inclined geosynchronous satellite orbit).The author suggests an eighteen spot axial bracing and a flexible radial bracing plan,and thus solves the bracing problem of the large calibre primary mirror and the loud day-time background noise problem using space filtering,spectrum filtering and time filtering.It has been proved that the system has successfully realized day-time ranging of GEO satellites and the success ratio has reached 77.5%;and the accuracy range reaches 2.6 cm and the ranging performance achieves to the international leading level.