芳纶纳米纤维改性聚四氟乙烯/聚苯硫醚针刺毡的制备及其性能

为提高耐高温聚四氟乙烯/聚苯硫醚(PTFE/PPS)针刺毡的过滤效率,在其表面涂覆了不同质量分数的芳纶纳米纤维(ANF)分散液得到PTFE/PPS/ANF复合针刺毡,对其微观形貌、元素组成、热稳定性、力学性能、孔径分布、透气性以及过滤性能进行研究。结果表明:芳纶纳米纤维分散液成功引入到PTFE/PPS针刺毡表面后在针刺毡内部呈现微纳结构,其对针刺毡的热稳定性和力学性能几乎没有影响;PTFE/PPS/ANF复合针刺毡对不同粒径的颗粒物过滤效率明显提高,尤其是对于粒径为1.25 μm颗粒物的过滤效率提高了37.9%,阻力仅有较少增加,针刺毡表面的纳米纤维膜在过滤过程中发挥了主要的过滤作用,基本实现了高效低阻效果。

Preparation and properties of polytetrafluoroethylene/phenylene sulfide needled felt modified by aramid nanofiber

Novel aramid nanofiber dispersion with different mass fractions was utilized to coat and process traditional high temperature polytetrafluoroethylene/phenylene(PTFE/PPS) needle-punched filter felts to improve their filtration efficiency. The micro-structure, element composition, thermalstability, mechanical properties, pore size distribution, air permeability as well as filtration properties of as-prepared composite filter materials (PTFE/PPS/ANF) were systemically explored and investigated. The results showed that the as-processed needle-punched felts exhibit a micro-nano structure when the aramid nanofiber dispersion was poured onto the needle-punched felts. It was found that the thermal stability and mechanical properties of as-obtained micro-nano composite felts were comparable to the untreated needle-punched felts. Most importantly, the micro-nano composite felts PTFE/PPS/ANF presented obviously enhanced filtration efficiency but slightly increased filtration resistance in comparison with the untreated felts. For instance, the filtration efficiency of the micro-nano composite felts is increased by 37.9% when the particulate maters with the diameter of 1.25 μm were utilized for filtration test. This study demonstrated that the nano-micro structure of composite felts played a major role in the improvement of filtration efficiency, and novel high temperature filter felts with high efficiency and low resistance were successfully achieved.