自熄性棉织物的喷涂辅助层层自组装法制备及其阻燃性能

为赋予棉织物高效阻燃的特性,采用喷涂辅助层层自组装技术在棉织物表面将3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、海藻酸钠和聚磷酸铵构筑三元复合涂层。借助扫描电子显微镜、热重分析、垂直燃烧和微型燃烧量热仪等研究了棉织物在涂层处理前后的表面形貌、燃烧性能和热降解性能。结果表明:经涂层处理棉织物可实现离火自熄,其极限氧指数最大可达35.7%,并具有一定的耐水洗性;棉织物优异的结构稳定性和阻燃性可归因于表面结构良好的阻燃复合涂层以及磷、氮、硅元素在其热降解和成炭过程中的协同作用;这种用于设计和制造膨胀型阻燃涂层的技术也可用于其他各种纤维素纤维。

Preparation and flame retardant properties of self-extinguishing cotton fabrics by spray-assisted layer-by-layer self-assembly technology

In order to endow the cotton fabric with high efficiency flame retardant properties,a new low-cost and green approach was presented for constructing ternary composite coating on cotton fabric through spray-assisted layer-by-layer self-assembly of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane,sodium alginate and ammonium polyphosphate in aqueous solutions.The surface morphology,flammability and thermal degradation properties of the cotton fabrics before and after coating were investigated by scanning electron microscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,vertical flame tests and microscale combustion calorimetry.The results show that coated cotton fabrics self-extinguish instantly when the ignition source is removed,and its limit oxygen index reaches 35.7%together with good washing resistance.High structural stability and flame retardant property are attributed to the external well-constructed flame retardant composite multilayers and phosphorus-silicon-nitrogen synergism on the degradation process and char yield.Such green and scalable strategy for the design and fabrication of self-extinguishing intumescent coating could also be employed for treating various other cellulose fibers.